Search results for "interaction [cosmic radiation]"
showing 10 items of 416 documents
Thin-layer chromatography of 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid and its soil metabolites
1980
Abstract The thin-layer chromatography of 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid, 4-chloro- o -cresol and 3-methyl-5-chlorocatechol and their pentafluorobenzyl derivatives has been studied on silica gel as adsorbent with 19 solvent systems. The best separation of the individual components occurred with toluene-benzene-acetic acid (2:2:1). Chloroform-diethyl ether-toluene (1:1:1) was suitable for the group separation of the pentafluorobenzyl derivatives.
Interaction between Longitudinal Shear and Transverse Bending in Prestressed Concrete Box Girders
2017
In box girder bridges, the quantity and distribution of reinforcement to be put in concrete elements of sections can be evaluated only by considering the deformation of the cross section in addition to the longitudinal analysis of the static scheme, establishing the entire state of stress of box sections. This leads to a need to evaluate the interaction between internal forces obtained by the global analysis and the ones obtained by the local analysis of the cross sections. The frame effect implies the elastic deformation of slabs and webs, whereas eccentrically applied loads lead to cross-section distortion with the loss of the box shape. Hence, the reinforcement is strongly influenced by …
Determination of enrichment factors for modified RNA in MeRIP experiments
2019
In the growing field of RNA modification, precipitation techniques using antibodies play an important role. However, little is known about their specificities and protocols are missing to assess their effectiveness. Here we present a method to assess enrichment factors after MeRIP-type pulldown experiments, here exemplified with a commercial antibody against N6-methyladenosine (m6A). Testing different pulldown and elution conditions, we measure enrichment factors of 4-5 using m6A-containing mRNAs against an unmodified control of identical sequence. Both types of mRNA carry 32P labels at different nucleotides, allowing their relative quantification in a mixture after digestion to nucleotides…
Brownian dynamics simulations with hard-body interactions: Spherical particles
2012
A novel approach to account for hard-body interactions in (overdamped) Brownian dynamics simulations is proposed for systems with non-vanishing force fields. The scheme exploits the analytically known transition probability for a Brownian particle on a one-dimensional half-line. The motion of a Brownian particle is decomposed into a component that is affected by hard-body interactions and into components that are unaffected. The hard-body interactions are incorporated by replacing the affected component of motion by the evolution on a half-line. It is discussed under which circumstances this approach is justified. In particular, the algorithm is developed and formulated for systems with spa…
New ALICE detectors for Run 3 and 4 at the CERN LHC
2020
Abstract Run 3 at the CERN LHC is scheduled to start in March 2021. In preparation for this new data taking period the ALICE experiment is making major modifications to its subsystems and is introducing three new detectors: the new Inner Tracking System, the Muon Forward Tracker, and the Fast Interaction Trigger. The new detectors will enhance tracking, especially at low transverse momenta, improve vertexing, provide the required triggering, fast timing, luminosity, and forward multiplicity functionality. For instance, it will be possible to measure beauty from displaced J/ ψ vertices down to transverse momenta p T ∼ 0 and improve precision for the ψ (2S) measurements. The upgraded ALICE wi…
Using Prototyping in Authentic Learning of Human-Centred Design of Mobile Apps
2017
Recent advances in mobile technology have seen a sharp increase in the number of mobile applications across various application domains. The challenge remains that many software development teams may lack appropriate competences to design usable and human-centred interactive systems. This can negatively affect the usability and the user experience. In this article, we present how to learn the human-centred design process using an authentic learning approach. Students need to investigate, discuss, construct new knowledge and apply theoretical concepts to address real world problems. The main purpose of authentic learning as a pedagogical approach is to position the subject of study into a re…
Integrating analytical resolutions in non-targeted wine metabolomics
2015
Direct injection Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS), and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS) were combined for the non-targeted analysis of wine metabolites. The unrivalled resolution on mass measurement allowed by the former and the separation ability of isomeric and isobaric substances by the latter, clearly increases the scope of detectable unknown metabolites in wines. Such methodology is illustrated through the comparison of chemical spaces of a young and an older Pinot noir wine. RP and HILIC chromatography could reveal up to five isomers for a given mass, throughout the explored mass range. CHO, CHOS …
Pentafluorophenyl salicylamine receptors in anion–π interaction studies
2012
A crystal structure analysis confirms the appropriateness of pentafluorophenyl salicylamine (1a) as a π-acceptor for anion–π interactions. Crystals of 1a·HCl show that the OH-group fixes the anion in a η2-type binding motif above the electron-deficient arene. Attempts to find some relevance for this weak intermolecular force in solution failed. Stronger CH–, NH– and OH–anion interactions are dominant over the weak anion–π interactions. Due to the hydrogen bonding, the non-fluorinated receptor exhibits the highest binding constants within this series.
Long-range interactions and the sign of natural amplitudes in two-electron systems
2013
In singlet two-electron systems the natural occupation numbers of the one-particle reduced density matrix are given as squares of the natural amplitudes which are defined as the expansion coefficients of the two-electron wave function in a natural orbital basis. In this work we relate the sign of the natural amplitudes to the nature of the two-body interaction. We show that long-range Coulomb-type interactions are responsible for the appearance of positive amplitudes and give both analytical and numerical examples that illustrate how the long-distance structure of the wave function affects these amplitudes. We further demonstrate that the amplitudes show an avoided crossing behavior as func…
An evolutionary restricted neighborhood search clustering approach for PPI networks
2014
Protein-protein interaction networks have been broadly studied in the last few years, in order to understand the behavior of proteins inside the cell. Proteins interacting with each other often share common biological functions or they participate in the same biological process. Thus, discovering protein complexes made of a group of proteins strictly related can be useful to predict protein functions. Clustering techniques have been widely employed to detect significant biological complexes. In this paper, we integrate one of the most popular network clustering techniques, namely the Restricted Neighborhood Search Clustering (RNSC), with evolutionary computation. The two cost functions intr…